On this day (24 March, 809 CE), the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid passed away in Tus, Khorasan (modern-day Razavi Khora…

On this day (24 March, 809 CE), the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid passed away in Tus, Khorasan (modern-day Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran). He was the fifth Abbasid Caliph, and ruled from 786 CE to 809 CE, during the zenith of the Abbasid Caliphate and the peak of what is termed the “Islamic Golden Age.” . … Read more

On January 22, 1517, Sultan Selim I was appointed Ottoman caliph (Amir al-Mu’minin)….

On January 22, 1517, Sultan Selim I was appointed Ottoman caliph (Amir al-Mu’minin). Selim I (Ottoman Turkish: سليم الأول; Turkish: I. Selim; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute (Turkish: Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. Despite lasting … Read more

On this day (6 November, 1494 CE), the great Ottoman Sultan & Caliph, Suleiman Kanuni was born in Trabzon….

On this day (6 November, 1494 CE), the great Ottoman Sultan & Caliph, Suleiman Kanuni was born in Trabzon. Sultan Suleiman Kanuni was the longest reigning Ottoman Sultan, ruling between 1520 and 1566 CE. He is arguably the greatest of all Ottoman Sultans with his reign being credited as the peak of the Ottomans both … Read more

Sultan Muhammad Alparslan’s biggest dream was to unite the Islamic World under one Caliph and Sultan. For this purpose, …

Sultan Muhammad Alparslan’s biggest dream was to unite the Islamic World under one Caliph and Sultan. For this purpose, he gave priority to the Egyptian campaign against the Fatimids who did much damage to Islam and were oppressing Sunni Muslims. On the invitation of Egyptian Vizier, Nasir al-Dawla ibn Hamdan, Sultan Alparslan took half of … Read more

On this day (14 September, 786 CE), ended the reign of the 4th Abbasid Caliph Musa ibn Mahdi al-Hadi due to his death. C…

On this day (14 September, 786 CE), ended the reign of the 4th Abbasid Caliph Musa ibn Mahdi al-Hadi due to his death. Consequently, began the reign of the 5th and arguably most prominent Abbasid Caliph, Harun al Rashid. Harun al-Rashid’s reign was marked by political stability, economic prosperity, and cultural flourishing. He expanded the … Read more

On this day (21 July, 869 CE), began the reign of the 14th Abbasid Caliph, Abu Ishaq Muhammad ibn al-Watiq or his regnal…

On this day (21 July, 869 CE), began the reign of the 14th Abbasid Caliph, Abu Ishaq Muhammad ibn al-Watiq or his regnal name: Al-Muhtadi Billah. As a ruler, Al-Muhtadi wanted to imitate the Umayyad Caliph Umar ibn Abd Aziz, widely considered a model Islamic ruler. He, therefore, lived a pious life. He was interested … Read more

The home of the 3rd Caliph of Islām, Sayyidunā ʿUthmān bin ʿAffān, was under attack for 40 days by the Khawārij. He fast…

The home of the 3rd Caliph of Islām, Sayyidunā ʿUthmān bin ʿAffān, was under attack for 40 days by the Khawārij. He fasted for 39 days, and on the 40th night, he saw the Prophet ﷺ in a dream who said, “Today, you shall break the fast with us!” He woke up ecstatic like it … Read more

The 2nd Caliph, Sayyidunā ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb had (by the Will of Allāh) 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹 𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝘄𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿, 𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵, 𝗮𝗶𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝗲 also k…

The 2nd Caliph, Sayyidunā ‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb had (by the Will of Allāh) 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹 𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝘄𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿, 𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗵, 𝗮𝗶𝗿 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝗲 also known as ‘al-‘Anāsir al-Arba’ah’. Imām Fakhr al-Dīn ar-Rāzī mentions in his Tafsīr that these 𝗙𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗘𝗹𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀 obeyed ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattāb: 𝟭) 𝗪𝗔𝗧𝗘𝗥 Ḥāfidh Ibn Kathīr and others have recorded this: Sayyidunā ‘Amr wrote to … Read more