The Habsburg monarchy from 1849 to 1868“Atlas of European…

The Habsburg monarchy from 1849 to 1868

“Atlas of European history”, Times Books, 1994

via cartesdhistoire

Having defeated the revolution of 1848 in Hungary, Vienna made substantial changes to Hungarian territory: Transylvania was detached, Croatia was enlarged and the voivodship of Serbia and the Banat of Tamiš was created (November 1849).

This situation continued until the Austrian defeats in Italy in 1859 and against Prussia in 1866. After the abolition of the voivodship of Serbia and the Banat in 1860, Emperor Franz Joseph restored the autonomy of Hungary through the Compromise of 1867 (“Österreichisch-Ungarischer Ausgleich”). Hungary obtained what it demanded in 1848: a government responsible to Parliament and the management of its internal affairs, to the great dismay of the non-Magyar populations who were therefore subject to the centralizing model of Budapest.

The Compromise consists of the Constitutional Statute concerning Austria and its dependencies and the Constitutional Pact concluded between Franz Joseph and the Hungarian Nation. Indeed, the Hungarians have always seen their integration into the Habsburg monarchy as a voluntary act and not as a subjection.

The “Ausgleich” was completed in November 1868 by a Hungarian-Croatian compromise (“Nagoda”) negotiated between Budapest and the Zagreb Diet. Croatia-Slavonia now forms an autonomous kingdom within Hungary with its own administration and its Diet (“Sabor”).

Hungary recovered Transylvania in 1867 and the military borders were placed under civil administration between 1851 and 1881.

Hungary (Transleithania) brings together 20,886,000 inhabitants in a territory which is generally that of the Crown of Saint-Etienne. This is also its official name: “Country of the Crown of Saint-Étienne”. Austria (Cisleithania) is the rest of the Habsburg territory, officially named “Kingdoms and countries represented in the Imperial Diet”, a more disparate group of 28,275,000 inhabitants – including the Countries of the Crown of Saint Wenceslas: Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia.