Omar Khayyam was a Persian mathematician, astronomer, historian, philosopher, and poet. He was born in Nishapur, the initial capital of the Seljuk Empire.
As a scholar, he lived under the Seljuk dynasty’s authority around the period of the First Crusade.
As a mathematician, he is most notable for his work on the classification and solution of cubic equations.
As an astronomer, he designed the Jalali calendar, a solar calendar with an exact 33-year intercalation cycle that provided the basis for the Persian calendar that is still in use after nearly a millennium.
Khayyam entered the service of Sultan Malik-Shah in 1074–5 when the Grand Vizier Nizam al-Mulk invited him.
He was then appointed to establish an observatory at Isfahan and lead a group of scientists in carrying out precise astronomical observations to update the Persian calendar.
After the death of Malik-Shah and his vizier, Khayyam was then invited by the new Sultan Sanjar (Son of Malik Shah) to Merv, to work as a court astrologer.
He is also depicted in the Turkish TV series titled “Uyaniş: Büyük Selçuklu (The Great Seljuks).
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