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The Battle of Bapheus occurred on 27 July 1302, between an Ottoman army under Osman Ghazi and a Byzantine army under George Mouzalon. The battle ended in a decisive victory for the rising principality of the Ottoman Turks over the Byzantine Empire.
The Byzantines effectively lost control of the countryside of Bithynia, withdrawing to their forts which fell one by one.
The Ottomans achieved characteristics and qualities of the state after this battle.
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